"Navigating Job Insecurity: The Impact of Work-Family Conflict and Cultural Differences on Employee Well-Being"

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 Keywords:

Job Insecurity, Work-to-Family Conflict, Employee Well-Being, Family-Work Stereotype Threat, Mental Health, Physical Health, Cultural Differences, Post-COVID, Work-Life Balance, Organizational Policies.


This research explores how job insecurity (JI)—the fear of losing one’s job—negatively affects employee well-being by increasing work-to-family conflict (WFC), where work-related stress disrupts family responsibilities. It focuses on affective JI, which refers to the emotional reactions employees experience when they perceive their jobs are at risk, and examines how this leads to poor mental and physical health. The study identifies WFC as a crucial factor explaining how JI results in adverse health outcomes. Additionally, it introduces the concept of family-work stereotype threat (FWST), which refers to fears of confirming negative stereotypes about employees with family obligations, such as being less committed to work. The findings reveal that in the United States, FWST intensifies the link between JI and WFC, while this effect is not observed in Italy. Using a cross-national approach, the study analyzes data from 707 employees in the U.S. and 763 employees from 100 organizations in Italy. It finds that cultural and national differences significantly influence how JI impacts work-life balance and health. These differences highlight the need for tailored strategies to improve employee well-being and work-life management, particularly in post-COVID job markets characterized by growing insecurity. The research provides valuable insights for organizations, policymakers, and practitioners to address health and work-life challenges effectively.


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